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 หัวเรื่อง:ไม่มีชื่อไทย (ชื่ออังกฤษ : Study on the Chemical Composition, Intake and Digestibility of Maize Stover, Tef Straw and Haricot Bean Haulms in Adami Tulu District, Ethiopia) ผู้เขียน: Tesfaye Alemu Aredo, N. K.R. Musimba2 สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์:pdf AbstractA study was conducted at two agricultural development sites in Adami Tulu district of Ethiopia to investigate the chemical composition, intake and digestibility of the three major crop residues, namely, maize stover, tef straw and haricot bean haulms produced in the area. Intake and digestibility were determined using nine Borana bulls. Chemical analysis indicated that the by-products have low nitrogen content and are composed of cell wall components with little soluble cell contents. As a result their intake and digestibility were low. Therefore, training of farmers in the application of some crop residue treatment methods and in the use of supplementary feeds is highly recommended. |
หัวเรื่อง:ไม่มีชื่อไทย (ชื่ออังกฤษ : The Potential of Urea Treated Maize Stover for Growth Performance of Weaned Crossbred Calves) ผู้เขียน:Tesfaye ALEMU,  ดร.พรศรี ชัยรัตนายุทธ์, รองศาสตราจารย์ , ดร.ประวีร์ วิชชุลตา, รองศาสตราจารย์ , ดร.สายัณห์ ทัดศรี, ศาสตราจารย์ สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์:pdf AbstractThe effects of urea treatment on chemical composition, intake and digestibility of maize stover and the potential of such a stover for growth performance of weaned calves were investigated using 21 crossbred (50% Borana and 50% Friesian) calves of 9 to 12 months of age and an average initial live weight of 138.9 kg. The animals were divided into three groups each of which were individually fed to appetite on basal diets of either untreated maize stover (UNMS), or 5 % urea treated maize stover (UTMS), or natural pasture hay (NPH) for 99 days. In addition, all animals were given 1 kg concentrate mixture per head per day. Urea treatment increased the CP content of maize stover by 3.8 and 2.7 folds over the untreated stover and the natural pasture hay, respectively. Besides, compared with the untreated stover, urea treatment brought an improvement of 9% in in vitro dry matter digestibility and 22% in dry matter intake. These improvements in terms of chemical composition, intake and digestibility led to higher (p<0.05) live weight gain of animals fed on the urea treated stover diet compared with those fed on the untreated stover diet. However, there was no difference (p>0.05) in weight gain between the animals fed on the urea treated stover diet and those fed on the hay based diet. Generally, with the added advantage of being more cost effective than hay, feeding urea treated maize stover may be considered as one of the strategies that bring about an efficient utilization of crop residues for livestock feeding. However, its economic advantage over other alternatives must carefully be examined under the prevailing price conditions before it is implemented. |
หัวเรื่อง:ไม่มีชื่อไทย (ชื่ออังกฤษ : Effects of Urea Levels and Treatment Durations on Chemical Composition and In Vitro Dry Matter Digestibility of Maize Stover) ผู้เขียน:Tesfaye ALEMU, ดร.พรศรี ชัยรัตนายุทธ์, รองศาสตราจารย์, ดร.ประวีร์ วิชชุลตา, รองศาสตราจารย์ สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์:pdf AbstractEffects of urea level and treatment duration on the chemical composition and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) of maize stover was studied by treating the stover of improved maize variety with 4, 5 or 6% urea levels for 1, 2 or 3 weeks under laboratory condition of 25?C. There were significant differences in crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and IVDMD both among the urea levels and the treatment durations. The highest CP content of 16.9% was observed for the stover treated with 6% urea followed by 15.9% for the stover treated with 5% urea. With regard to treatment durations, there was no difference (p>0.05) in CP content between the 2 and 3 weeks treatment durations. Interaction between the two factors was significant (p<0.05) only for NDF and IVDMD. Treating the stover with 5% urea for a period of 2 weeks resulted in 76.6% NDF and 61.2% IVDMD both of which were not significantly different (p>0.05) from treating the stover with 6% urea for either 1, 2 or 3 weeks. Therefore the former combination of urea level and treatment duration was recommended to be optimum to treat maize stover. |
หัวเรื่อง:ไม่มีชื่อไทย (ชื่ออังกฤษ : Production and Utilization of Crop Residues in Three Agro Ecological Zones of Eastern Shoa Zone, Ethiopia) ผู้เขียน:Tesfaye ALEMU, ดร.พรศรี ชัยรัตนายุทธ์, รองศาสตราจารย์, ดร.ประวีร์ วิชชุลตา, รองศาสตราจารย์, ดร.สายัณห์ ทัดศรี, ศาสตราจารย์ สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์:pdf AbstractTo assess the production and utilization of crop residues in East Shoa Zone of Oromiya Regional State, Ethiopia, 3 Agro Ecological Zones (AEZs), namely, sub-moist (SM2), sub-humid (SH2) and semiarid (SA2) were chosen based on their large area coverage and, a total of 300 households were proportionally selected from these AEZs and interviewed using structured questionnaire. Even if the total annual crop residue produced per household was not statistically different, the contribution of each type of crop residue to the total annual crop residue production per household varied (p<0.05) among the AEZs. With regard to utilization, farmers in all the three AEZs used almost all types of their crop residues primarily for animal feeding. Alternative uses of crop residues were observed to vary more with the type of residue than with the AEZs. It could be concluded that with an annual average production of 0.67 to 1.01 tons per TLU of a household, crop residues contributed to 26 to 40% of the total annual maintenance feed requirement of ruminants. Through the use of improved seeds and other inputs that boosted both grain and residue yields, and by the application of better ways of collection and storage that minimized wastages, farmers could derive more benefits from these valuable feed resources. |
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